Bartha Annamária: A királynéi udvarbírói tisztség és viselői Károly Róbert uralkodása idején.
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Abstract
The Hungarian queen's court followed the model of the royal court, so it consisted of the same offices as the royal court, except for the office of the palatine. The 24th article of the act in 1298 specified that the queen's court officers had to be Hungarian nobles, and the queen was obliged to appoint officers chosen by the king. In other words, the king chose the members of the queen's court. I examined whether die same practice prevailed during the reign of Angevin-dynasty. The judge of the queen's court (iudex curiae reginae) was the second highest office in the queen's court. During the reign of Charles I, we know five people who held this office; I examined the careers of these five men. Contemporary documents mention Aladár, son of Csete only twice as the judge of the queen's court in 1309. He held offices of the queen's court in the Árpad era. After 1309 he might have been unfaithful to the king, since the names of his sons, Aladár and Jakab are mentioned as hostages of the burghers of Kassa (now KoSice in Slovakia). In 1310, he or his son Aladár committed an injustice in county (comitatus) Abaújvár. Probably he or his son had been one of Máté Csák's-the major opponent of Charles I-leading followers in 1316. Mikes was one of the earliest supporters of Charles I who had been supporting the king since his childhood. Mikes was a talented military leader and won several battles against the oligarchs. He had received numerous estates and offices. He was the leader of more counties (count /ispán, in Latin comes)-. Sáros (1315-1328), Zemplén (1321-1325), Sopron (1325-1326) and Somogy (1325-1328). We do not know for sure whether he won the office of the judge of the queen's court in 1321, or only in 1322,, but he was still the master of the treasury of the queen in 1323. In 1325 he was appointed ban of Slavonia which he governed until his death in 1343. Dezső Hédervári was one of the earliest supporters of Charles I. He participated in the wars against the oligarchs. The king awarded him with a number of estates and offices for his loyalty. Contemporary documents prove that he was the royal castellan of Világosvár (today Siria, Romania) between 1318 and 1330 and Kapuvár (1318). Between 1318 and 1330 he was the ispán of county Zaránd, and he was appointed ispán of Sopron between 1326 and 1330 as well, and in 1330 he also held the office of ispán of Győr. In 1321, he won the office of the queen's master of the horses, which he probably held until his death, and he was the judge of the queen's court from 1323 to 1330. In 1330, he took part in the unsuccessful military expedition against Basarab of Wallachia, where Charles I could barely escape from the battlefield after changing his armour with Dezső Hédervári, who sacrificed his life for the king's escape. When Caroberto of Anjou arrived to the Hungarian Kingdom, Pál Garai, the castellan of Pozsega, gave him Pozsega castle (now Pozega in Croatia). In 1304, he took part in the campaign against Bohemia and the war against the oligarchs. He was the ispán of Bodrog and castellan of Kőszeg (now Batina in Croatia) between 1316 and 1328. In 1320, he won the office of the ban of Macsó, which he governed until 1328. Probably he was seriously ill, because he prepared for death in 1327, thus he donated estate for the Holy Mary church of [Székesfehérvár for his own spiritual salvation. Then we found his son-in-law, János Alsáni in the chair of ban of Macsó. Later he won the office of judge of the queen's court in 1331 and in 1334 he was the master of the treasury of queen as well. From 1336, he held only the office of the master of the treasury of the queen until his death in 1353. We have only a few data about Olivér Paksi's career. We do not know whether he held the office of ispán of Szabolcs from 1330, or from 1332. In 1336, he won the office of the judge of the queen's court and he held it until his death in 1360. After king Charles's, death he obtained too many important offices, but it will be the subject of future research. Based on these, we can conclude that in the Angevin era the king did indeed choose the queen's officers. None of the five officers requested or obtained their possession from the queen.
| Item Type: | Conference or Workshop Item |
|---|---|
| Other title: | The judges of the Queen's court and during the reign of Charles I, 1301-1342 |
| Heading title: | Tisztségek, méltóságok és életutak a középkorban |
| Journal or Publication Title: | Középkortörténeti tanulmányok |
| Date: | 2015 |
| Volume: | 8 |
| ISBN: | 978-963-315-242-3 |
| Page Range: | pp. 91-103 |
| Event Title: | Medievisztikai PhD-konferencia (8.) (2013) (Szeged) |
| Related URLs: | http://acta.bibl.u-szeged.hu/65436/ |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Magyarország története - 14. sz., Bírósági szervezet - Magyarország - története - 14. sz. |
| Additional Information: | Bibliogr.: p. 101-102. és a lábjegyzetekben ; összefoglalás német nyelven |
| Date Deposited: | 2020. Feb. 14. 11:26 |
| Last Modified: | 2022. Nov. 08. 10:58 |
| URI: | http://acta.bibl.u-szeged.hu/id/eprint/65366 |
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