Sziebig Orsolya Johanna: A vadvilággal kapcsolatos bűncselekmények fogalma a nemzetközi közjog szemszögéből. In: Acta Universitatis Szegediensis : forum : acta juridica et politica, (10) 4. pp. 177-194. (2020)
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Abstract
Biodiversity loss is one of the hot spot issues of international conservation efforts. In the last couple of decades, we have experienced an unexpected and unforeseen extinction rate. Wildlife crime or as it is used nowadays, wildlife and forest crime is a core burden in front of the success of conservation efforts. Wildlife crime, more precisely wildlife trade, became the third most profitable illegal activity, just a bit behind narcotics and firearms trafficking. However, the exact definition of wildlife and forest crime is not yet settled neither at international nor at the national level. Almost the whole international community supports the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora. Still, the states have to face the cruel reality of extinction, biodiversity loss and the activity of organised crime groups. The first part of the article considers the difficulties of Hungarian nomenclature and the possible outcomes of the translation process. The article’s second section is about the definition of wildlife crime. When it comes to the definition of wildlife crime, only the relevant definitory elements can be settled. Firstly, the significance of national criminal law must be emphasised. All the states have the power to decide whether an activity is considered as a criminal act or not. Furthermore, the second element is the role of the organised crime groups, especially transnational form. The cartels are tending to use wildlife crime as an income source, to support other crimes, such as terrorism financing. The relevant international treaty has to be mentioned, the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organised Crime. Although the convention highlights wildlife trade and the protection of endangered species as essential targets in its preamble, it does not list wildlife crime among the explicit penalised activities. Wildlife crime has to be considered as a serious crime to be in the scope of the convention. Lastly, corruption is analysed as a definitory element of wildlife crime, because in many cases, it is indispensable to conduct the illegal activity. The article considers the new form of wildlife crime, called wildlife cybercrime. In the last couple of decades, we have experienced a technological development that caused the reform of the markets. Online platforms are used to sell and buy wildlife species, wildlife products illegally. Surprisingly, not the dark web, but the surface web is used mostly to carry out the transactions. The author provides conclusions, and general thoughts about the definition of wildlife crime and the caused jeopardy of such activities.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Other title: | The definition of wildlife crime in the viewpoint of international public law |
| Journal or Publication Title: | Acta Universitatis Szegediensis : forum : acta juridica et politica |
| Date: | 2020 |
| Volume: | 10 |
| Number: | 4 |
| ISSN: | 2063-2525 |
| Page Range: | pp. 177-194 |
| Language: | Hungarian |
| Related URLs: | http://acta.bibl.u-szeged.hu/72688/ |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Közjog - nemzetközi |
| Additional Information: | Bibliogr. a lábjegyzetekben ; összefoglalás angol nyelven |
| Subjects: | 05. Social sciences 05. Social sciences > 05.05. Law |
| Date Deposited: | 2021. May. 04. 15:55 |
| Last Modified: | 2023. Mar. 10. 14:36 |
| URI: | http://acta.bibl.u-szeged.hu/id/eprint/72814 |
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