Varga Ilona: Az államháztartás új vonásai a XVII. századi Oroszországban. In: Acta Universitatis Szegediensis : acta historica, (64). pp. 33-60. (1978)
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Absztrakt (kivonat)
After the fights within the country at the turn of the century the new Romanov government tried to stabilize the treasury incomes as well. As homogenous government taxation had not been earlier established, as a first attempt regionally collected „strelec" and post taxes were made general. It is also a new characteristic feature that the taxes were extended over the villeins of private estates who had not had any kind of state obligations. After some regional initiatives the census became nation-wide at the end of the 16th century. Its most important aim was to register the treasury taxpayers. The population of towns and villages alike were forced to stay on the same place in order to stabilize taxes. People who had fled were made to return to their original residence by the orders isuued in 1818—19. The lower classes of serving nobility were ruined in the fights of the „troulous" years, but the army had to be reorganised because of the reviedv Polish wars as well. Parallel with the renewed fights townspeople's emergency tax, the so-called onefifth of property was collected. During the fifhts in 1653 the treasury tried to cover war expenses not only by raising the taxes but by making money worse and putting copper coins in circulation. In the second half of the century trade taxes and the income of the state properties had ever growing importance in the treasury finances. At the same time a lot of goods became the possession of state monopoly, which had a good market in the trade from Arhangelsk and Astrahan to Europe. The ever growing treasury trade was managed by town merchant's men and officers in state service. Foreign merchants appeared to be great competitors in the exchange of goods both abroad and within the country and trade regulations were issued in 1653 and 1667 to restrict them. The latter trade regulations are analysed by the study in details, proving that its mercantilist features protected first of all the interests of the treasury. In the second half the century the treasury played a very important part in transporting export goods. The proceeds of state estates in foreign and home trade ensured nearly as high income as the direct and indirect taxes together. These incomes together constituted the basis of the developement in the army and the state organisation but they dalayed the development of town craftsmen and merchants.
| Mű típusa: | Cikk, tanulmány, mű |
|---|---|
| Egyéb cím: | The new features of budget in Russia in the 17th century ; Novye čerty gosudarstvennogo bidžeta v Rossii 17-ogo veka |
| Befoglaló folyóirat/kiadvány címe: | Acta Universitatis Szegediensis : acta historica |
| Dátum: | 1978 |
| Kötet: | 64 |
| ISSN: | 0324-6965 |
| Oldalak: | pp. 33-60 |
| Nyelv: | magyar , angol , orosz |
| Kiadó: | University of Szeged, Magyar Medievisztikai Kutatócsoport |
| Kiadás helye: | Szeged |
| Befoglaló mű URL: | http://acta.bibl.u-szeged.hu/37096/ |
| Kulcsszavak: | Oroszország története - 17. sz. |
| Megjegyzések: | Bibliogr. a lábjegyzetekben ; összefoglalás angol és orosz nyelven |
| Szakterület: | 06. Bölcsészettudományok 06. Bölcsészettudományok > 06.01. Történettudomány és régészet |
| Feltöltés dátuma: | 2016. okt. 15. 07:57 |
| Utolsó módosítás: | 2026. feb. 05. 14:28 |
| URI: | http://acta.bibl.u-szeged.hu/id/eprint/2647 |
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