Kaposi Zoltán: Pécs gazdasági változásai az első világháború idején. In: Közép-európai közlemények, (13) 3. pp. 99-122. (2020)
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Abstract
Pécs was a quickly developing city during the Dual Monarchy era, especially the growth of the manufacturing industry and the coal mining industry was fast. However, the city lost its momentum due to the outbreak of the First World War. The effects of the war were primarily negative on the city’s economy and society. A part of the labour force was enlisted which caused significant workforce deficit in both small and large scale firms. Due to the decrease in real wages many people could only make a living out of military pensions. The aggregate production declined as a result of shortage of raw materials and the lowering aggregate demand. The lack of supply forced individuals to increase the agricultural output; mostly the agricultural household production (growing potato, fruit and vegetables) ran up. The total household consumption significantly declined during the war. Government intervention affected more and more industries as the war progressed. The ration ticket for bread was introduced in 1916 and soon most basic foods (flour, sugar, lard, meat, etc…) were rationed. Organisation of public services, procurement and distribution of food was a heavy burden on the shoulders of the city. Because of the poverty several soup kitchen had to be set up in 1917-18. Charity organisation played an important role in supporting the poor. It is beyond doubt that the government of the city managed to solve the greatest problems; therefore, the city avoided famine. There were obviously a few who benefited from the war; mostly those companies who directly produced for the government, namely to the military. The end of the war did not end the lean years since the Serbian army occupied the city in November 1918, lengthening the difficult situation for an additional thirty three months.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Other title: | Economic changes in Pécs during the first World War |
| Heading title: | Gazdaságtörténet rovat |
| Journal or Publication Title: | Közép-európai közlemények |
| Date: | 2020 |
| Volume: | 13 |
| Number: | 3 |
| ISSN: | 1789-6339 |
| Page Range: | pp. 99-122 |
| Language: | Hungarian, English |
| Publisher: | Egyesület Közép-Európa Kutatására, Szegedi Tudományegyetem Juhász Gyula Pedagógusképző Kar |
| Place of Publication: | Szeged |
| Related URLs: | http://acta.bibl.u-szeged.hu/71737/ |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Világháború - 1., Infláció, Gazdaságtörténet - Pécs - 1914-1918 |
| Additional Information: | Bibliogr.: p. 119-122. ; összefoglalás angol nyelven |
| Subjects: | 06. Humanities 06. Humanities > 06.01. History and archaeology |
| Date Deposited: | 2021. Feb. 08. 11:25 |
| Last Modified: | 2023. Mar. 21. 20:54 |
| URI: | http://acta.bibl.u-szeged.hu/id/eprint/71796 |
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