Sipos József: Bethlen István 1922-es kampánykörútja a Duna-Tisza közén. In: Belvedere Meridionale, (24) 2. pp. 40-56. (2012)
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Absztrakt (kivonat)
István Bethlen took a very active part in the campaign for national assembly elections in 1922. In order to organise the Egységes Párt and win the elections, he spent several weekends campaigning from the end of March. Th e last of his campaign tours was the visit he made on the 21st and 22nd May in the Danube-Tisza Interfl uve. In course of only two days, he made speeches in 10 cities, visited the local units of MOVE and MANSZ and attended to receptions, brunches and dinner parties. Bethlen emphasized the importance of the regained national freedom, but in the long term he considered the Treaty of Trianon unacceptable. Th e primary objective of his politics was to create national unity and the Egységes Párt was the means by which he hoped to achieve it. During his campaign, he popularized the party’spolicy and slightly changed the content of his speeches so as to please all types of audiences. Whereas Bethlen claimed that anybody could be admitted to the Egységes Párt regardless of social class or confession, the only requirement of new members was to support its political programme, he sharply criticized legitimist and liberal parties and their candidates. In his speech on the 21st of May in Kecskemét, he stressed the importance of the institutionalization of the Egységes Párt. He asserted that the members of the democratic opposition demanded the expansion of civil liberties only because they wanted to terrorize the elite. As a solution against democratic political views, he suggested the concept of Christian nationalism, since, as he formulated, the Hungarian nation needed Christian liberalism. However, Gyula Gömbös, who made his speech aft er Bethlen, articulated more radical thoughts and talked about ideas of ‘real Christianity and protective nationalism’. Bethlen then met IvánHéjjas on the reception organised by the MANSZ and the latter declared his willingness to incline his ‘stubborn, Hungarian head’in front of the new leader. By this he obviously meant his readiness to put his paramilitary units that were still politically powerful in the region at Bethlen’s disposal. In the next station of his campaign, in Nagykőrös, Bethlen spoke in favour of his friend and former minister of the interior, Count Gedeon Ráday. Th is time, he promised arranging peace between social classes and confessions; moreover, he condemned every type of radicalism, even white radicalism, as it ‘drags every political system through the mire’. Finally, he praised the outstanding achievements of the people of Nagykőrösin growing fruits and vegetables; in fact, he expressed the necessity for the governmental promotion of horticulture. In Cegléd, Bethlen drew a parallel between the popular political group of the post-1867 era, the Függetlenségi és 48-as Párt and his own party. He wanted to gain the votes of the industrial workers of Cegléd, therefore he affi rmed that the policy of the Egységes Párt was not directed against the labour class. While Bethlen promised governmental support for craft smen and merchants, Gömbös spoke more radically again, and called out for struggle to assure eternal life for the race and the nation. In Albertirsa, Bethlen emphasised that Egységes Párt did not want to make the mistake of adopting a one-sided policy, thus they were to consider the needs of all social classes. In Monor, where István Rubinek was fi elded as the party’s candidate, Bethlen propagated the ideas of the fair execution of land reform, and concluding hostilities with the labour class. In my essay, I intend to give a full description of Bethlen’s campaign of 1922 and I also aim to analyse his speeches in further details.
| Mű típusa: | Cikk, tanulmány, mű |
|---|---|
| Egyéb cím: | The 1922 campaign tour of István Bethlen in the Danube-Tisza Interfluve |
| Rovatcím: | Tanulmányok |
| Befoglaló folyóirat/kiadvány címe: | Belvedere Meridionale |
| Dátum: | 2012 |
| Kötet: | 24 |
| Szám: | 2 |
| Oldalak: | pp. 40-56 |
| Nyelv: | magyar , angol |
| Kiadó: | Belvedere Meridionale |
| Kiadás helye: | Szeged |
| Befoglaló mű URL: | http://acta.bibl.u-szeged.hu/37367/ |
| Kulcsszavak: | Bethlen István, Magyarország története - 1922, Politikatörténet - Magyarország - 1922 |
| Megjegyzések: | Bibliogr. a lábjegyzetekben ; összefoglalás angol nyelven |
| Szakterület: | 06. Bölcsészettudományok 06. Bölcsészettudományok > 06.01. Történettudomány és régészet |
| Feltöltés dátuma: | 2016. okt. 15. 11:11 |
| Utolsó módosítás: | 2025. júl. 15. 10:48 |
| URI: | http://acta.bibl.u-szeged.hu/id/eprint/7837 |
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