Heka László: A sari'a jog fejlődése és alkalmazása a délszláv térségben. In: Acta Universitatis Szegediensis : acta juridica et politica, (68) 10. pp. 1-54. (2006)
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Absztrakt (kivonat)
Sari'a (the Islam law), being law and order created for more than a thousand million Islam believers, does not appear in the form of an elaborate system of law or a code, it rather comes into existence when it is interpreted by qualified people. Islam law lacks the traditional method of enacting statutes such as in Europe, as for law does not rely on legislation but it is based on getting acquainted with its rules and interpreting them. Sari'a is kown as the most archaic live system of law in the world, which is considered by the Muslims as divine declaration, and not as human made law. Therefore, following the rules of law is a sign of obedience to Allah, and also expresses a form of service. Islam law stems from the Koran (the sacred book of the Muslims) but there exist other sources of law such as the Sunna (his prophets' and his contemporaries' legacy), the jurists'uniform agreement (idzsma), and the analogy, representing the basis of systematic interpretation and development of law in the Muslim canon law (kijasz): Fikh (jurisprudence) prevails as one of the most fundamental branch of Islam jurisprudence, which studies the principles, governing society and individual acts, recorded in the above mentioned four sources of law. Fikh can be defined as a science classifying the rules of sari'a based on compulsory, forbidden, allowing and not proposed (suitable for reprimanding) norms. Parallelly to kadi judgements, we can meet the form of theoretic creation of leading cases, producing fatwa, basically a theoretic decision asked by anyone without direct legal bindig force. As for the content, fatwa can be applied to any question, it can legalize or prevent any state act with its leading cases. Since the establishment of the South-Slavonic state (1918), state-organised sari'a. courts have administered law in cases refering the personal status of Muslims, family and inheitence law and in the question of vakuf based on Muslim law. As passing sentences according to Islam law was obligatory for all the Muslims in the whole territory of the country, Muslims were separated from other denominations. It might have contributed to the fact that the South-Slavonic Muslims have become an indipendent Bosnian nation. The process was oral and public in the sari'a court, what is more, it could be appealed and quashed. In the socialist Yugoslavia, this type of religious jurisdiction was annihilated, however, the claim of re-establihing sari'a courts arised after the politic change-over. As another perspective, it has been taken into consideration to found forums (courts of arbitration) that could decide in Muslim legal disputes. They would not depend on state but on moral authority.
| Mű típusa: | Cikk, tanulmány, mű |
|---|---|
| Befoglaló folyóirat/kiadvány címe: | Acta Universitatis Szegediensis : acta juridica et politica |
| Dátum: | 2006 |
| Kötet: | 68 |
| Szám: | 10 |
| ISSN: | 0324-6523 |
| Oldalak: | pp. 1-54 |
| Nyelv: | magyar , angol |
| Kiadó: | Szegedi Tudományegyetem Állam- és Jogtudományi Karának tudományos bizottsága |
| Kiadás helye: | Szeged |
| Befoglaló mű URL: | http://acta.bibl.u-szeged.hu/72615/ |
| Kulcsszavak: | Iszlám jog |
| Megjegyzések: | Bibliogr. a lábjegyzetekben ; összefoglalás angol nyelven |
| Szakterület: | 05. Társadalomtudományok 05. Társadalomtudományok > 05.05. Jogtudomány |
| Feltöltés dátuma: | 2016. okt. 15. 11:12 |
| Utolsó módosítás: | 2023. dec. 04. 11:11 |
| URI: | http://acta.bibl.u-szeged.hu/id/eprint/7296 |
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