A besenyők nyugatra vándorlásának okai

Zimonyi István: A besenyők nyugatra vándorlásának okai. In: Acta Universitatis Szegediensis : acta historica, (106). pp. 129-144. (1998)

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Absztrakt (kivonat)

In the background of the westward migration of the Pechenegs there stood important changes in the political situation of western Eurasia. In the 9th century the Qarluq Empire consolidated its power in that region. The Kimek and Oguz tribal unions were powerful but they must have been under the control of the Qarluq ruler. In 893 the Samanid Emir, Ismac Il defeated the western Qarluq king and sacked his town. In consequence of this campaign the Qarluq power declined. The Oguz, living westward of the Qarluq, strengthened and tried to establish a new political unity similar to the Kimaks who founded their empire at that time. The first step was to defeat the Pechenegs whose habitat was the western part of the Kazak steppe. The Oguz military superiority granted their victory over the Pechenegs. Most of the Pechenegs migrated, but one part remained and became a tribal unit of the Oguz.The Pechenegs tried to move to the territory west of the Volga. The Khazars were successful in preventing the conquest of the territory north of the Caucasus, so the Pechenegs had to cross the Volga and Don north of the Khazar fortifications and invaded the region north of the Black Sea, where the Hungarians lived. The Hungarians, being defeated, settled in the Carpathian Basin.

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