Ullrich Balázs: A mágia és a hatalom összeütközése I. Valentinianus idején. In: Acta Universitatis Szegediensis : acta antiqua et archaeologica, (28). pp. 75-93. (2004)
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Absztrakt (kivonat)
The relationship between magic and power was examined in this article on the basis of a part of Ammianus Marcellinus' History (XXVIII, 1). The purpose of this examination was to display the rigorous measures of the imperial power against the magical practices during the proceedings dating from 368. Owing to these proceedings in Rome this research is given an excellent opportunity to analyze the conflict between magic and power because in several cases the charges referred to magical practices which caused serious punishments. However, it is necessary to be cautious while reading Ammianus' History, it is not quite clear why Ammianus portrayed Valentinian I as an emperor who was terrified of magic, and who ruthlessly behaved against the practisers of magic. In my opinion, there were some senators who really committed magical crime for which they were taken revenged with capital punishment nearly all the times. On one hand, this assumption seems to be supported by Saint Jerome, who made a remark on Maximinus, in which the father of church called the guilty senators maleficii. On the other hand, the embassy of the senatus did not protest against the charges but only against the measure of punishment before the emperor, according to Ammianus. It is problematic about the legality of these proceedings that we are not aware exactly whether the charges were based on the law or the laws were brought after the charges. I think that Ammianus is not impartial in this chapter of his History. This prejudice was proved by Maximinus' description and the presentation of Marinus' case, who probably had used love charms. The author does not find the above case an illegal act: he takes «love magic» a harmless magical practice and a private affair, in spite of the fact that Constantine I condemned everyone to death who took part in this kind of magical practice (cf. CTh 9, 16, 3). If this law was in force under Valentinian, consequently Ammianus can be accused of partiality. Poisoning does not preclude the possibility of using magical practices, but the Roman Law distinguished poisoning from magic. However, it is remarkable that Ammianus mentioned only one treason which was ended in sentence, although Valentinian thought that there were injuries of maiestas in several cases. Was it Ammianus who tried to minimize the crime of treason and Valentinian, who acted rightly, or was the author able to see through the emperor's plot accusing both criminals and innocents? Finally, the imperial power is not still entirely absolute these years. The senatus passed sentence on Hymetius in the charge of treason, and the embassy of the senatus successfully performed his mission: Valentinian I complied with the ambassadors' request, and cancelled the permission of the senators' torture.
| Mű típusa: | Cikk, tanulmány, mű |
|---|---|
| Egyéb cím: | The Conflict between Magic and Power under Valentinian I |
| Befoglaló folyóirat/kiadvány címe: | Acta Universitatis Szegediensis : acta antiqua et archaeologica |
| Dátum: | 2004 |
| Kötet: | 28 |
| ISSN: | 0567-7246 |
| Oldalak: | pp. 75-93 |
| Nyelv: | magyar , angol |
| Kiadás helye: | Szeged |
| Befoglaló mű URL: | http://acta.bibl.u-szeged.hu/37267/ |
| Kulcsszavak: | Róma története - ókor |
| Megjegyzések: | Bibliogr. a lábjegyzetekben ; összefoglalás angol nyelven |
| Szakterület: | 06. Bölcsészettudományok 06. Bölcsészettudományok > 06.01. Történettudomány és régészet |
| Feltöltés dátuma: | 2016. okt. 17. 09:58 |
| Utolsó módosítás: | 2025. szep. 01. 14:23 |
| URI: | http://acta.bibl.u-szeged.hu/id/eprint/30526 |
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