Pálinkó Tamás: Erdély, Máramaros és a Partium központi helyei és városai az Anjou-korban. In: Belvedere Meridionale, (24) 4. pp. 117-124. (2012)
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Cikk, tanulmány, mű
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Absztrakt (kivonat)
Although Hungarian and foreign historians have intended to define it on the grounds of several aspects, there has been no agreement on determining the concept of medieval town so far. The investigation of the development of Hungarian towns is rather complicated: a Western European type of urban development was made impossible by contemporary conditions. Therefore András Kubinyi worked out a new method called centrality test, with the help of which he attempted to filter out the settlements de facto functioning as towns, out of a range of settlements mentioned as towns or market towns and market and fair-term sites occurring in sources available. Similarly, Enikő Rüsz-Fogarasi also devised a system that examined Transylvanian settlements on the basis of possessing market rights, hospitals and the presence of mendicant orders. I intend to analyse the central locations of Transylvania and those of the closely linked regions Máramaros and Partium, with the help of the so far published volumes of Anjou-kori oklevéltár, from the point of view which of those settlements could have been towns or central locations also functioning as towns. Examining the charters, three significant criterions have been outlined in the development of central locations forming into towns or locations also functioning as towns. One criterion is the fortunate geographical location, proximity to trade routes or lines. Closely related to this is the possession of market rights. The charters mention five major trade routes in the examined territory, in the region of rivers Szamos (Someș), Körös (Criș), Maros (Mureș) and Temes (Timiș). Another criterion is the natural abundance in mineral resources which raised the possibility of opening mines and founding mining towns. These towns form a distinct category in the network of towns since most of these settlements were not results of an extensive development but rather towns specifically founded for the extraction of minerals, possessing privileges from the very moment of foundation. The third criterion is the extensive possession of legal privileges. However, it is not always clear whether a settlement received privileges as a hospes or a municipal community. „The municipal law is nothing more than the extended version of hospes privileges, applied to town occupations”87 According to the examination of the so far published volumes of Anjou-kori oklevéltár, the most significant towns developed owing to the influence of trade. According, Szatmárnémeti (Satu Mare), Kolozsvár (Cluj-Napoca), Kolozsmonostor (Mănăștur), Nagyvárad (Oradea) and Temesvár (Timișoara) were the most important towns, Aranyosbánya (Baia de Aries) and Nagybánya (Baia Mare) excelled among the founded mining towns.
| Mű típusa: | Cikk, tanulmány, mű |
|---|---|
| Egyéb cím: | Central places of Transylvania, Máramaros and Partium under the Angevins |
| Rovatcím: | Közlemények; Hittérítők és pogányok : Querfurti Brúnó - egy vértanú Szent István korában |
| Befoglaló folyóirat/kiadvány címe: | Belvedere Meridionale |
| Dátum: | 2012 |
| Kötet: | 24 |
| Szám: | 4 |
| Oldalak: | pp. 117-124 |
| Nyelv: | magyar , angol |
| Kiadó: | Belvedere Meridionale |
| Kiadás helye: | Szeged |
| Befoglaló mű URL: | http://acta.bibl.u-szeged.hu/37369/ |
| Kulcsszavak: | Erdély története - középkor, Magyarország története - középkor, Anjou-kor |
| Megjegyzések: | Bibliogr.: 123. p. és a lábjegyzetekben ; összefoglalás angol nyelven |
| Szakterület: | 06. Bölcsészettudományok 06. Bölcsészettudományok > 06.01. Történettudomány és régészet |
| Feltöltés dátuma: | 2016. okt. 17. 09:56 |
| Utolsó módosítás: | 2025. júl. 15. 10:06 |
| URI: | http://acta.bibl.u-szeged.hu/id/eprint/30545 |
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